[Myelomatous ascites]. / Ascitis mielomatosa: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Ascites is rare in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). It may be due to diverse mechanisms, most frequently because of an increased permeability of the peritoneum or because of portal hypertension due to liver infiltration. Myelomatous ascites occurs more frequently in patients having Ig-G or Ig-A paraprotein and their prognosis is poor. It is submitted the case of a female patient aged 50 years with IgA-kappa MM, who evolved with cardiac failure (CF), plasma cells leukemia and ascites of mixed cause, because of peritoneal infiltrate of myelomatous cells, hepatic compromise and CF. A review of the different causes of ascites in patients with MM is performed. There are also summarized all myelomatous ascites cases published in the literature. Our report presents the first case of myelomatous ascites in a patient with plasma cells leukemia.

Ascitis mielomatosa. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Myelomatous ascites

Ascites is rare in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). It may be due to diverse mechanisms, most frequently because of an increased permeability of the peritoneum or because of portal hypertension due to liver infiltration. Myelomatous ascites occurs more frequently in patients having Ig-G or Ig-A paraprotein and their prognosis is poor. It is submitted the case of a female patient aged 50 years with IgA-kappa MM, who evolved with cardiac failure (CF), plasma cells leukemia and ascites of mixed cause, because of peritoneal infiltrate of myelomatous cells, hepatic compromise and CF. A review of the different causes of ascites in patients with MM is performed. There are also summarized all myelomatous ascites cases published in the literature. Our report presents the first case of myelomatous ascites in a patient with plasma cells leukemia

Los pacientes con mieloma múltiple (MM) raramente presentan ascitis. La misma puede responder a diversos mecanismos, siendo las causas más frecuentes el aumento de permeabilidad del peritoneo y la hipertensión portal por infiltración hepática. La ascitis mielomatosa (AM) ocurre con más frecuencia en pacientes con paraproteína de tipo Ig-G e Ig-A y su pronóstico es sombrío. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 50 años con diagnóstico de MM IgA-kappa que evoluciona con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC), leucemia de células plasmáticas y ascitis de causa mixta, por infiltración peritoneal por células mielomatosas, compromiso hepático e IC. Se realiza una revisión de las distintas causas de ascitis en pacientes con MM. Asimismo se resumen todos los casos publicados en la literatura mundial de AM. Nuestro reporte representa el primer caso de AM en un paciente con leucemia de células plasmáticas